0 Kufanele ngabe uzwile mayelana nemithethonqubo ehlukahlukene ngenkathi usebenzisa ama-VPN. Abaningi kungenzeka bancome i-OpenVPN kuwe ngenkathi abanye kungenzeka baphakamise ukuthi uzame i-PPTP noma i-L2TP. Kodwa-ke, iningi labasebenzisi be-VPN namanje abaqondi ukuthi lezi zivumelwano ziyini, zisebenza kanjani, futhi yini ezingayenza.
Ngakho-ke, ukwenza izinto zibe lula kini nonke, silungiselele leli shidi lokukopela lephrothokholi ye-VPN lapho uzothola khona a ukuqhathaniswa kwezivumelwano ze-VPN kanye nemininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nenye yazo. Sizobeka izinkomba ezifingqiwe ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, njengoba kuzosiza abafuna izimpendulo ezisheshayo.
Isifinyezo Esisheshayo:
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi khetha i-OpenVPN njengoba iyi-VPN ethembeke kakhulu ngokuya ngesivinini nokuphepha.
- I-L2TP iyindlela yesibili engcono kakhulu futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi abaningi be-VPN.
- Bese kuza i-SSTP eyaziwa ngokuvikeleka kwayo okuhle kodwa awukwazi ukulindela isivinini esihle kuyo nhlobo.
- I-PPTP iyindlela yokugcina ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamaphutha ayo okuphepha. Kodwa-ke, ingenye yamaphrothokholi e-VPN ashesha futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
I-VPN Protocol Cheat Sheet
Manje sizochaza iphrothokholi ngayinye ye-VPN ngazinye, ukuze ukwazi ukufunda yonke into ngayo ngendlela eqondakala kalula:
I-OpenVPN
I-OpenVPN iyiphrothokholi yomthombo ovulekile. Ivumelana nezimo ngokwedlulele futhi iza ekucushweni kumachweba ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zokubethela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufakazelwe ukuthi iyiphrothokholi ye-VPN ethembeke kakhulu futhi evikelekile laphaya.
Sebenzisa: Njengoba iwumthombo ovulekile, i-OpenVPN isetshenziswa kakhulu amaklayenti e-VPN avela eceleni. I-OpenVPN protocol ayakhiwe kumakhompyutha namadivayisi eselula. Kodwa-ke, isithandwa kakhulu futhi manje isiyiphrothokholi ye-VPN ezenzakalelayo yezinsizakalo eziningi ze-VPN.
Isivinini: Iphrothokholi ye-OpenVPN ayiyona iphrothokholi ye-VPN eshesha kakhulu, kodwa uma kucatshangelwa izinga lokuphepha elinikezayo, isivinini sayo sihle kakhulu.
Ukuphepha: Iphrothokholi ye-OpenVPN ingenye yezivumelwano ezivikeleke kakhulu. Isebenzisa iphrothokholi yokuvikela yangokwezifiso esekelwe ku-OpenSSL. Futhi kuhle kakhulu ngokuya nge-stealth VPN ngoba iyalungiseka kunoma iyiphi ichweba, ngakho-ke ingafihla kalula ithrafikhi ye-VPN njengethrafikhi ye-inthanethi evamile. Ama-algorithms amaningi wokubethela asekelwa yi-OpenVPN ehlanganisa i-Blowfish ne-AES, ezimbili ezivame kakhulu.
Ukucushwa Kalula: Ukucushwa ngesandla kwe-OpenVPN akulula neze. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukuthi uyilungiselele mathupha ngoba amaklayenti amaningi e-VPN asenayo iphrothokholi ye-OpenVPN emisiwe. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngeklayenti le-VPN futhi uyakhethwa.
I-L2TP
I-Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol noma i-L2TP iyiphrothokholi yomhubhe evamise ukubhangqwa nenye imithetho yokuphepha ukuze inikeze ukubethela nokugunyazwa. I-L2TP ingenye yezivumelwano ezilula ukuzihlanganisa futhi yathuthukiswa yi-Microsoft ne-Cisco.
Sebenzisa : Isiza ekutholeni ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi ngokuphephile nangasese nge-VPN ngenxa yokuhunyushwa kwayo kanye nokugunyazwa kokuphepha kwenkampani yangaphandle.
Isivinini: Mayelana nesivinini, empeleni inekhono futhi ishesha njenge-OpenVPN. Nokho, uma uqhathanisa, kokubili i-OpenVPN ne-L2TP ihamba kancane kune-PPTP.
Ukuphepha: Iphrothokholi ye-L2TP ayinikezi noma yikuphi ukubethela noma ukugunyazwa ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, ingahlanganiswa nezinhlobonhlobo zokubethela nokugunyazwa kwe-algorithms. Ngokuvamile, i-IPSec ihlanganiswe ne-L2TP ephakamisa ukukhathazeka kwabanye njengoba i-NSA yasiza ekuthuthukiseni i-IPSec.
Ukucushwa Kalula: I-L2TP iyasebenzisana namadivayisi amaningi njengoba iningi manje selinosekelo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi lwephrothokholi ye-L2TP. Inqubo yokusetha ye-L2TP nayo ilula kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, imbobo esetshenziswa yile phrothokholi ivinjwa kalula yizicishamlilo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uzungeza kuzo, umsebenzisi udinga ukusebenzisa ukudlulisela ngembobo okudinga ukusethwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
I-PPTP
I-Point-to-Point tunneling noma evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi i-PPTP iyona endala futhi ingeyodwa yezivumelwano ezidume kakhulu ze-VPN. Yasungulwa ekuqaleni ngabakwaMicrosoft.
Sebenzisa: Iphrothokholi ye-PPTP VPN isetshenziswa kukho kokubili amanethiwekhi e-inthanethi nawe-intranethi. Kusho ukuthi ungasebenzisa futhi umthetho olandelwayo wokufinyelela inethiwekhi yebhizinisi usendaweni ekude.
Isivinini: Njengoba i-PPTP isebenzisa indinganiso yokubhala ephansi inikeza isivinini esimangalisayo. Lesi yisizathu esiyinhloko esenza kube iphrothokholi ye-VPN esheshayo phakathi kwabo bonke.
Ukuphepha: Mayelana nokuphepha, i-PPTP iyiphrothokholi ye-VPN enokwethenjelwa kancane njengoba inikeza ileveli yokubethela ephansi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene kule phrothokholi ye-VPN okwenza kube evikeleke kancane ongayisebenzisa. Eqinisweni, uma unendaba nobumfihlo bakho nokuvikeleka kancane, akufanele usebenzise le nqubo ye-VPN.
Ukucushwa Kalula: Njengoba iyiphrothokholi ye-VPN yakudala futhi evamile, ilula kakhulu Ukusethwa futhi cishe wonke amadivayisi namasistimu anikezela ngosekelo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi lwe-PPTP. Ingenye yezivumelwano ezilula ze-VPN ngokuya ngokucushwa kwamadivayisi ahlukahlukene.
I-SSTP
I-SSTP noma Secure Socket Tunnel Protocol ubuchwepheshe bobunikazi obasungulwa ngabakwaMicrosoft. Yakhelwe okokuqala ku-Windows Vista. I-SSTP iphinde isebenze ezinhlelweni ezisekelwe ku-Linux, kodwa yakhelwe kakhulu ukuthi ibe ubuchwepheshe be-Windows kuphela.
Sebenzisa: I-SSTP ayiyona iphrothokholi ewusizo kakhulu. Ivikeleke kakhulu futhi iyakwazi ukuzungeza ama-firewall ngaphandle kokuhlupheka noma ubunzima. Noma kunjalo, isetshenziswa kakhulu abalandeli beWindows abaqinile futhi ayinanzuzo ngaphezu kwe-OpenVPN, yingakho i-OpenVPN inconywa.
Isivinini: Mayelana nesivinini, ayisheshi kakhulu njengoba inikeza ukuphepha okuqinile nokubethela.
Ukuphepha: I-SSTP isebenzisa ukubethela okuqinile kwe-AES. Ukwengeza, uma usebenzisa i-Windows, i-SSTP iwumthetho olandelwayo ovikeleke kakhulu ongawusebenzisa.
Ukucushwa Kalula: Kulula kakhulu ukusetha i-SSTP emishinini ye-Windows, kodwa kunzima ezinhlelweni ezisekelwe ku-Linux. I-Mac OSx ayisekeli i-SSTP futhi cishe ngeke ize.
I-IKEv2
Inguqulo yesi-2 ye-Internet Key Exchange iyiphrothokholi esekelwe ku-IPSec eyakhiwe yi-Cisco kanye ne-Microsoft ndawonye.
Sebenzisa: Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumadivayisi eselula ngenxa yamakhono ayo ahlakaniphile okuxhuma kabusha. Amanethiwekhi edatha yeselula avame ukulahla uxhumo lapho i-IKEv2 eza khona ilusizo kakhulu. Ukusekelwa kwephrothokholi ye-IKEv2 kuyatholakala kumadivayisi we-Blackberry.
Isivinini: I-IKEv2 ishesha kakhulu.
Ukuphepha: I-IKEv2 isekela amazinga ahlukene wokubethela we-AES. Kukhona ezinye izinguqulo zomthombo ovulekile we-IKEv2 ezitholakalayo futhi, ukuze abasebenzisi bakwazi ukugwema inguqulo yokuphathelene ye-Microsoft.
Ukucushwa Kalula: Akuyona iphrothokholi ye-VPN ehambisana kakhulu njengoba kunamadivayisi anomkhawulo ayisekelayo. Nokho, kumadivayisi ahambisanayo, kulula kakhulu ukumisa.
Amazwi Okugcina
Ngakho-ke lokhu yikho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana namaphrothokholi e-VPN ajwayelekile. Sithemba ukuthi ishidi lethu lokuqhathanisa lezimiso ze-VPN libe nolwazi futhi liwusizo kuwe. Sazise uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nanoma yiziphi izimiso ezisesigabeni sokuphawula esingezansi.
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